Java Fern

Key Characteristics of Java Fern (Microsorum pteropus)

• Scientific Name: Microsorum pteropus (also commonly accepted as Leptochilus pteropus)
• Common Name: Java Fern
• Hardiness: Very Easy (Often cited as one of the hardiest aquatic plants available).
• Distinguishing Feature: It grows from a thick, dark, horizontal stem called a rhizome. Leaves are typically long, lanceolate (spear-shaped), and have a tough, leathery texture that makes them unappealing to most herbivorous fish.
• Reproduction: Unique among common plants, it reproduces asexually by forming adventitious plantlets (baby ferns) directly on the edges or undersides of mature leaves.
• Size & Growth: A medium-to-large plant, often reaching 6–14 inches (15–35 cm) in height. It is a slow grower.
• Lighting: Low to moderate light is sufficient. Too much light can cause the leaves to develop algae or “melt” (deteriorate rapidly).
• Planting Requirement (Epiphyte): The rhizome must never be buried in the substrate (sand or gravel), as this will cause it to rot. It must be secured (with glue, thread, or fishing line) to rocks, driftwood, or allowed to float.
• Varieties: This species has many popular variants with differing leaf shapes, including ‘Windelov’ (forked/lacy tips), ‘Narrow Leaf’ (thin, needle-like leaves), and ‘Trident’ (lobed, three-pronged tips).